Thursday, 23 October 2014

Exhibition Visit: "Constructing Worlds; Photography and Architecture in the Modern Age" (Barbican Art Gallery, London; 4 October 2014)

Architecture has, from the very earliest days of photography, proved to be a rich source of subject matter. Buildings were popular subjects for nineteenth century photographers for the simple reason that they did not move, so there was no blurring due to the long exposure times needed then. As technology improved the genre became less popular and took something of a back seat, being used mainly as a tool to document the changes in our surroundings. However, as the twentieth century progressed, photographers started to use architectural photography to explore changes in society and ideology, the differences between public and private space and the interaction between the buildings and the landscape that surrounds them and/or the people who use them. This exhibition brings together the work of eighteen photographers, active from the 1930s onwards, who have made some of the more important contributions to modern architectural photography.

This major exhibition was well laid out on two floors of the Barbican Art Gallery. Berenice Abbott’s beautiful 1930s monochrome images of Manhattan’s transition into a skyscraper city provided a very positive start. Abbott’s spectacular views of gleaming modernity (see for example Image 1) were in sharp contrast to Walker Evans’ photographs of poor workers and their run-down, architecturally mundane homes and town buildings, taken during the great depression. Mundanity was a key feature of the concept-driven work of the “New Topographics” photographers from the 1970s, so it is a little surprising to see Bernd and Hilda Becher as the only representatives of this movement, with their (now familiar) series of water towers.


Image 1: Manhattan (Berenice Abbott)

Other photographers whose work is represented and with whom I was familiar included Ed Ruscha (parking lots photographed from above), Andreas Gursky (his famous photograph of the giant Montparnasse tower block in Paris) and Nadav Kander, whose atmospheric views of architecture and people along the Yangtse River in China combine the genres of architecture, social documentary and landscape photography to good effect. Simon Norfolk, whose documentation of the war-torn ruins left by the war in Afghanistan highlight another aspect of architectural photography, was the sole UK representative in the exhibition.

A couple of the galleries showed work by photographers, who collaborated with architects during the design and construction of their buildings. Luigi Ghirri’s collaboration with architect Aldo Rossi produced some imaginative work, which was showcased here. However, I was even more impressed by the atmospheric monochrome prints, produced by Helene Binet (e.g. Image 2), of Liebeskind’s Jewish Museum in Berlin. Was this because the museum itself (which I have visited) has a dramatic design (to reflect the bleak nature of the story that its exhibits tell) or because Binet has done an excellent job of bringing out the character of the building? I suppose that the answer is “a bit of both”. I would have liked to have seen more than the handful of prints of her work on display here.


Image 2: Liebeskind’s Jewish Museum, Berlin (Helene Binet)

I had previously rather scorned Hiroshi Sugimoto’s deliberately blurred images of iconic buildings, such as the World Trade Centre, pre- “9-11”. However, I have to admit that his large prints on display at the exhibition, which reduce their subject matter to its most basic, abstract form, eliminating their surroundings, do have a much more powerful impact when seen on this scale.

The exhibition demonstrates that the relationship between photography and architecture is rather more complex than I had first imagined. A very broad range of subject matter is on display and the curators have tried to cover as many different areas as they could, within the genre of architectural photography (too many to mention in this review!). Inevitably, viewers will enjoy and take inspiration from the work of some contributors and find less to intrigue them from others' work. Whilst the broad range of themes show-cases the genre of architectural photography, it inevitably leads to a somewhat “bitty” feel to the exhibition as a whole. On the other hand, I can’t think of another photographic genre that could be reviewed in a single exhibition without (at least) similar compromises having to be made.


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